1
bash
This demonstrates case conversion using parameter expansion in Bash.
str="HELLO WORLD!" echo "${str,}" #=> "hELLO WORLD!" (lowercase 1st letter) echo "${str,,}" #=> "hello world!" (all lowercase) str="hello world!" echo "${str^}" #=> "Hello world!" (uppercase 1st letter) echo "${str^^}" #=> "HELLO WORLD!" (all uppercase)
bash internaldata manipulationsstring manipulation and expansionsparameter expansioncase conversion